This is likely to grow.
- Angular FrontendFramework
- MVC TypeScript-based front-end web application framework by Google
- Express.js BackendFramework
- A framework for Node.js designed for building web applications and APIs.
- Gulp.js Tool
- build system / task runner in front-end web development, used for automation of tasks like minification, concatenation, cache busting, unit testing, linting, optimization etc
- Grunt Tool
- Like Gulp. Grunt focuses on configuration, while gulp uses code.
- jQuery FrontendLibrary
- Library for DOM manipulation
- Node.js BackendPlatform
- Run-time environment for executing JavaScript code server-side
- React FrontendLibrary
- Library for building user interfaces by Facebook. No MVC, no templating. Components.
Framework vs Library
- Framework
- You fill in the gaps. The framework calls you.
- Library
- Collection of functions. You call the library functions; you write the main thing.
Outdated
The following is likely "outdated" in the sense that people who start learning something new should probably try an alternative (though I'm not too sure about it):
- Backbone.js: Angular 2 seems to be the alternative
- Ember.js: Angular 2 seems to be the alternative